Dimensional personality impairment is associated with disruptions in intrinsic intralimbic functional connectivity
- “Recently proposed alternative dimensional models of personality disorder (PD) place the severity of impairments in self and interpersonal functioning at the core of personality pathology. However, associations of these impairments with disturbances in social, cognitive, and affective brain networks remain uninvestigated.”
- “The present study examined patterns of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in a sample of 74 age- and sex-matched participants (45 inpatients with PD and 29 healthy controls).
- “At a minimum, PD patients carried a diagnosis of borderline PD, although the majority of the sample had one or more additional PDs. rsFC patterns in the following networks were compared between groups and in association with dimensional personality impairments: default mode network (DMN)/core mentalization, frontolimbic, salience, and central executive. Further, the extent to which variation in rsFC was explained by levels of personality impairment as compared to typology-specific borderline PD symptom severity was explored.”
- “Relative to controls, the PD group showed disruptions in rsFC within the DMN/core mentalization and frontolimbic networks. Among PD patients, greater severity of dimensional self-interpersonal impairment was associated with stronger intralimbic rsFC. In contrast, severity of borderline PD-specific typology was not associated with any rsFC patterns.”
- “Disruptions in core mentalization and affective networks are present in PD. Higher intralimbic functional connectivity may underlie self-interpersonal personality impairment in PD regardless of diagnostic typology-specific PD symptoms, providing initial neurobiological evidence supporting alternative dimensional conceptualizations of personality pathology.”
Borderline personality disorder and adolescent suicide attempt: the mediating role of emotional dysregulation
- “Emotional dysregulation seems to be a core feature of Borderline Personality Disorders (BPD). In addition, recent research in the adolescent population has shown that suicidal behaviours have been associated with maladaptive strategies of emotion regulation.”
- “This study examined the relative contributions of emotional dysregulation to suicide attempt history in a clinical sample of borderline adolescents. Data were analyzed from 85 participants of the Collaborative European Research Network on Borderline Personality Disorder. Participants completed measures of BPD traits and symptoms, suicide behaviours, emotional dysregulation, attachment styles and lifetime depressive disorders.”
- “In an SEM model, lifetime depressive disorders and insecure attachment styles have a significant direct effect on lifetime suicide attempt, but only lifetime depressive disorders have an indirect effect through emotion dysregulation. The results suggest that emotional dysregulation has a mediating role in suicide attempts among BPD adolescents.”
- “These findings call for the development of interventions targeting the role of emotion dysregulation in effectively predicting and preventing suicidality in borderline adolescents.”
Twenty-Year Trends in the Psychopharmacological Treatment of Outpatients with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Naturalistic Study in Spain
- “Although no psychotropic drugs have been officially approved for the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD), medications are routinely prescribed for these patients. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the pharmacological management of patients with BPD treated in an outpatient specific unit in Spain over the past 20 years, while a secondary aim was to identify the factors associated with the prescription.”
- “Observational and cross-sectional study of all patients with a primary diagnosis of BPD (n = 620) consecutively admitted to a BPD outpatient program in Barcelona, Spain, from 2001 through 2020. We examined trends in the prescription of antidepressants, benzodiazepines, mood stabilizers, and antipsychotics. For the analysis, prescription data were grouped into four 5-year periods (2001-2005, 2006-2010, 2011-2015, and 2016-2020). Logistic regression models were performed to identify sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with pharmacological prescription and polypharmacy.”
- “The percentage of patients receiving pharmacotherapy decreased over time. Antidepressant prescription rates remained high and stable over time (74% of patients), while benzodiazepine use decreased significantly during the study period (from 77 to 36%) and second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) use increased from 15 to 32%. Psychiatric comorbidity was the main factor associated with pharmacological treatment (odds ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.5-4.2) and polypharmacy, although a high percentage of patients without comorbidity were also taking medications.”
- “Over the past 20 years, the pharmacological treatment of BPD outpatients has undergone important changes, most notably the decrease in benzodiazepines and increase in SGAs. The findings of this study demonstrate that pharmacotherapy is much more prevalent in patients with BPD than recommended in most clinical guidelines.”
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